Bacterial Vaccines Market Size, Share, Growth, Trends, and Global Industry Analysis: By Vaccine Type (Live Attenuated Vaccines, Inactivated/Killed Vaccines, Subunit/ Conjugate, Toxoid Vaccines/ Inactivated Toxin, Others), By Patient Age Group (Paediatric Vaccines, Adolescent Vaccines, Adult Vaccines and Geriatric Vaccines), By Route of Administration (Intramuscular, Intravenous, Subcutaneous and Others), By Distribution channel (Hospital Pharmacy, Online Pharmacy, Retail Pharmacy) and Region Forecast 2020-2031

Bacterial Vaccines Market size was valued at US$ 24,966.5 million in 2024 and is expected to reach US$ 41,963.0 million by 2031, growing at a significant CAGR of 7.7% from 2025-2031. The market is projected to reach US$ 41,963.0 million by 2031 at a CAGR of 7.7%. Moreover, the U.S. Bacterial Vaccines Market is projected to grow at 7.9% over the forecast period. The market refers to the research, development, production, and distribution of vaccines designed to prevent bacterial infections. These vaccines stimulate the immune system to recognize and fight specific bacterial pathogens, reducing the incidence of diseases such as pneumonia, tuberculosis, meningitis, diphtheria, and pertussis. The market encompasses various vaccine types, including conjugate, inactivated, toxoid, and live-attenuated vaccines, catering to different age groups and risk populations.

The market is experiencing steady growth, driven by rising awareness of infectious disease prevention, government immunization programs, and advancements in vaccine technology. Increasing investments in research and development, along with the emergence of AI-driven vaccine discovery, are enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of bacterial vaccines. Additionally, the demand for pediatric and adult immunization, coupled with the expansion of vaccination coverage in developing regions, is further propelling market expansion.

Facts & Figures:

• Pneumococcal Disease Impact: Pneumococcal infections cause approximately 1.6 million deaths globally each year, with children under five and the elderly being the most vulnerable.
• Meningitis Cases: Bacterial meningitis affects nearly 2.5 million people annually, with a high fatality rate if left untreated, emphasizing the need for vaccination.
• DTP Vaccination Coverage: The global coverage of DTP (Diphtheria, Tetanus, and Pertussis) vaccines among infants was around 85% in 2023, according to WHO data.
• Combination Vaccine Adoption: More than 70% of paediatric vaccinations globally include combination vaccines, reducing the number of injections and improving immunization compliance.

Key Developments:

• In March 2025, Abbott India launched Pneumo Shield 14, a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine for children over six weeks old. It offers broader protection against pneumococcal disease by covering 14 serotypes, surpassing PCV-10 and PCV-13. The vaccine enhances immune response by combining bacterial components with a protein for better protection.
• In September 2024, Evaxion Biotech A/S, a clinical-stage TechBio company, launched an enhanced version of its AI-Immunology™ platform, including an updated EDEN™ AI prediction model. The improved model can now predict toxin antigens, enabling the development of more effective bacterial vaccines.
• In April 2024, Nigeria made history as the first country to introduce Men5CV, a new vaccine recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) that provides protection against five strains of the meningococcus bacteria. The rollout, along with emergency vaccination efforts, is funded by Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, which supports the global meningitis vaccine stockpile and aids lower-income countries in routine meningitis immunization.

Bacterial Vaccines Market Segmentation:

Based on the vaccine type:

• Live Attenuated Vaccines
• Inactivated/Killed Vaccines
• Subunit/ Conjugate
• Toxoid Vaccines/ Inactivated Toxin
• Others

The subunit/conjugate vaccines segment holds the largest share in the market, driven by their enhanced safety profile and strong immune response. Unlike live attenuated or inactivated vaccines, conjugate vaccines use specific bacterial components, such as polysaccharides linked to proteins, to improve immunogenicity, making them highly effective, especially in infants and immunocompromised individuals. Widespread use in preventing diseases like pneumococcal, meningococcal, and Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib) infections has further strengthened their market dominance. Government immunization programs and the development of next-generation conjugate vaccines continue to fuel growth, reinforcing their position as the leading bacterial vaccine type.

Based on the patient age group:

• Paediatric Vaccines
• Adolescent Vaccines
• Adult Vaccines
• Geriatric Vaccines

The paediatric vaccines segment holds the largest share in the market, driven by strong immunization programs and high demand for early childhood disease prevention. Governments and health organizations worldwide prioritize paediatric vaccination to protect against life-threatening bacterial infections such as pneumococcal disease, meningitis, and diphtheria. Routine childhood immunization schedules include conjugate and combination vaccines, ensuring widespread coverage. Additionally, initiatives by organizations like WHO, Gavi, and UNICEF enhance vaccine accessibility in low-income regions. The continuous development of advanced paediatric vaccines with improved efficacy and longer-lasting immunity further strengthens this segment’s dominance in the global market.

Based on the route of administration:

• Intramuscular
• Intravenous
• Subcutaneous
• Others

The intramuscular route of administration holds the largest share in the market due to its effectiveness in delivering a strong immune response. Most bacterial vaccines, including pneumococcal, meningococcal, and diphtheria vaccines, are administered intramuscularly to ensure optimal antigen absorption and prolonged immunity. This method is widely preferred for its ability to reach deep muscle tissue, enhancing vaccine efficacy while minimizing adverse reactions. Additionally, government immunization programs and healthcare providers Favor intramuscular injections for routine and mass vaccination campaigns. Ongoing advancements in needle technology and combination vaccine formulations further reinforce the dominance of this administration route in the market.

Based on the distribution channel:

• Hospital Pharmacy
• Online Pharmacy
• Retail Pharmacy

The hospital pharmacy segment holds the largest share in the market, driven by the high reliance on hospitals for vaccination services and immunization programs. Hospitals serve as primary vaccination centres, ensuring the safe administration of bacterial vaccines, especially for infants, elderly individuals, and immunocompromised patients. Additionally, government-led immunization initiatives and bulk vaccine procurement for hospital-based vaccination campaigns contribute to market dominance. Hospital pharmacies also have better storage facilities, ensuring proper cold chain management, which is crucial for vaccine efficacy. The increasing prevalence of bacterial infections and the expansion of hospital-based vaccination programs further reinforce this segment’s leadership.