Graves Orbitopathy Market Size, Share, Growth, Trends, and Global Industry Analysis: By Drug Class (Iodine and Iodides, Ionic Inhibitors, Radioactive Iodine, Beta Blockers, Thioamides, and Corticosteroids), By Distribution Channel (Hospital Pharmacies, Retail Pharmacies, and Others) and Region Forecast 2020-2031

Graves orbitopathy market size was valued at US$ 1.6 billion in 2024 and is expected to reach US$ 2.2 billion by 2031, growing at a significant CAGR of 5.1% from 2025-2031. Graves ophthalmopathy is also called thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO) and thyroid eye disease (TED), Graves orbitopathy (GO) is an autoimmune inflammatory disorder of the tissues of the periorbital and orbit that is characterized by the retraction of the upper eyelid, lagging, swelling, and redness of lid, bulging of eyes and conjunctivitis. Most commonly occurs in individuals having Graves disease, and less commonly in individuals having Hashimoto's thyroiditis, or in people with euthyroid. It is a part of the systemic process of variable expression in skin, thyroid, and eyes that is caused by the autoantibodies that bind to the tissues of these organs.

Autoantibodies target the fibroblasts in the eye muscles and fibroblasts can be differentiated into the fat cells (adipocytes). Muscles and fat cells expand and get inflammation. As per Wickham's study in England, in 2016, Graves disease is accounted for 0.5 cases per 1000 persons, with a high incidence rate in people aged 40 to 60. Graves disease is the high prevalent autoimmune disorder in the U.S. after Hashimoto's thyroiditis. In 2016, as per a research study of PREGO (presentation of Graves orbitopathy), the incidence of Graves orbitopathy in Europe was 10-30/10,000 humans annually.

However, the severity and the incidence of Graves disease in Europe was observed to decline to 2.10/10,000/year. Iodine-131 is used in radioactive iodine ablation (RIA) to remove a whole or a part of the thyroid gland, which results in preventing the excessive production of thyroid hormone. Subtotal thyroidectomy used for the removal of the thyroid gland is the most invasive treatment option.

Key Developments

•  January 2025, Sling Therapeutics announced promising Phase IIb/III results for sunitinib in treating Thyroid Eye Disease, potentially paving the way for the first oral alternative to Amgen’s intravenous teprotumumab
• September 2024, Immunovant reported positive results from the Phase 2a trial of batoclimab in Graves’ Disease. High-dose batoclimab achieved a 76% response rate in patients uncontrolled on antithyroid drugs at week 12. Immunovant also announced plans to initiate a pivotal trial of IMVT-1402 in Graves’ Disease by the end of 2024.
• April 2024, Amgen announced plans to submit a Marketing Authorization Application (MAA) to the European Medicines Agency (EMA) for teprotumumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody targeting the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R), intended for the treatment of moderate to severe Thyroid Eye Disease in adults. If approved, teprotumumab would be the first medication approved for this condition in the European Union.
• In September 2014, Avalon Ventures and GlaxoSmithKline plc launched two new companies with US$10 Mn each in series a financing and R&D support companies including Silarus Therapeutics- developing treatments for anemia and iron overload disorders and Thyritope Biosciences- developing treatments for graves orbitopathy.